Planning to tow with your 4th Gen Tacoma? Knowing your exact towing capacity isn't just about the numbers on a spec sheet. It's about matching your truck's specific configuration to what you're hauling. Towing capacity varies significantly across different Tacoma models, and getting it wrong can mean damaged equipment, unsafe driving conditions, or voided warranties.
(Reference: Owner's Manual, pg. 200, 202-204, 614)
Before you can use the capacity tables, you need to know what these three ratings actually mean:
GCWR (Gross Combination Weight Rating)
This is the maximum weight of your truck AND trailer combined. Includes every person, piece of cargo, and bit of gear in both. When you're loaded up with passengers, camping equipment in the bed, and pulling a boat, all of that counts toward GCWR.
GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating)
The maximum weight your truck can handle by itself. When towing, this includes the truck, occupants, cargo in the bed, and the tongue weight from the trailer.
TWR (Trailer Weight Rating)
The maximum weight of the trailer you can pull. This is what most people mean when they talk about "towing capacity."
Before you hook up any trailer, all of these must be true:
Your Tacoma's door jamb has a certification label with a model code like "TZNA40L-PRZSZA" or "TZNA45L-PRFSZA." You need this code to find your actual towing capacity in the tables below. Trim level alone doesn't tell the whole story.
Double Cab Models:
Xtra Cab Models:
SAE J2807 Certification: These models meet SAE International's tow-vehicle trailering requirements per SAE J2807. Toyota tested them using standardized procedures including sustained grade performance, launch testing, and brake fade testing.
Your Tacoma can pull up to 1000 lb. (453 kg) without trailer brakes. Anything heavier requires working trailer service brakes.
Both for Toyota's specifications and most state regulations.
Conventional Ball-Mount Towing:
Your tongue weight should be 9% to 11% of your total trailer weight. Too light and the trailer can sway. Too heavy and you overload the rear axle and lose steering control.
Example:
Pulling a 6000 lb. trailer? Your tongue weight should be 540-660 lb.
- Minimum: 6000 × 0.09 = 540 lb.
- Maximum: 6000 × 0.11 = 660 lb.
Weight Distributing Hitch:
If you're using a weight distributing hitch (required for trailers over 5000 lb.), adjust it to restore the front axle to the same weight it had before you connected the trailer. If you can't measure axle weight directly, measure your front suspension height and adjust the hitch to match the unloaded height. This ensures your steering and brakes work properly.
Downhill Towing:
Long downhill grades are where vehicle-trailer instability shows up. Before descending steep or long hills, slow down and downshift. Don't ride the brakes. Repeated or prolonged brake use causes overheating and reduces stopping power. Use your gears to control speed instead.
Trailer Brakes:
If your trailer weighs more than 1000 lb., it needs its own brakes. Never tap into your truck's hydraulic system to power trailer brakes. This reduces your truck's braking effectiveness and is unsafe.
Safety Chains:
Always use safety chains securely attached to both the trailer and truck. If the hitch fails, chains are what keep the trailer from wandering into another lane.
Temporary Spare Tire:
Don't tow when running on your temporary spare. The spare isn't rated for towing loads.
Why Some SR Models Are Limited to 3500 lb.:
Notice that certain SR configurations (model codes ending in "-STA") have dramatically lower towing capacity. 3500 lb. versus the 6300-6500 lb. most Tacomas can handle. That's less than 55% of standard capacity. The manual doesn't specify the mechanical differences, but if serious towing is your priority, check your door jamb model code before assuming you can pull 6000+ lb.
Understanding GCWR vs TWR:
Most people focus only on TWR (trailer weight rating) but GCWR (gross combination weight rating) is often the limiting factor. Here's why:
Say your Tacoma has 6400 lb. TWR. You load the bed with 1000 lb. of gear, have 4 passengers (800 lb.), and the truck itself weighs about 5000 lb. That's 6800 lb. before you even hook up a trailer. Add your 6400 lb. trailer and you're at 13,200 lb. combined. Potentially exceeding your GCWR even though you're technically under the trailer weight limit.
When towing heavy with a loaded truck, GCWR becomes the real constraint.
SAE J2807 Certification Matters:
The SAE J2807 certification means Toyota tested these Tacomas on the Davis Dam grade (sustained 6% climb), verified launch performance, and tested for brake fade under load. It's not just manufacturer claims. It's third-party verified capacity using standardized testing.
Q: Do I need a weight distributing hitch?
A: Yes, if your trailer exceeds 5000 lb. These hitches restore proper weight balance to your front axle, improving steering response and braking performance. Without one on heavy trailers, too much weight transfers to the rear, reducing front-end grip.
Q: What happens if I exceed GCWR while staying under TWR?
A: You're overloaded and unsafe. GCWR accounts for everything: occupants, cargo, tongue weight. Exceeding it can cause brake failure, handling problems, transmission overheating, or suspension damage. Both ratings matter.
Q: Can I increase towing capacity with aftermarket parts?
A: No. Your model code determines capacity, and you can't change it with upgrades. The ratings factor in frame strength, axle limits, brake capacity, and cooling systems. None of which can be meaningfully upgraded on a modern truck.
Q: How do I know if my trailer needs brakes?
A: Any trailer over 1000 lb. needs brakes per Toyota specifications. Most states also require trailer brakes above 1500-3000 lb. depending on local laws. Check both Toyota's requirements and your state regulations.
A PDF containing the exact manual pages referenced in this guide can be downloaded from the thread attachments. These pages provide the complete context for the towing capacity specifications.
Recommended Tools & Products:
Owner's Manual Pages:
Disclaimer:
This guide is derived from the official 2024+ Toyota Tacoma Owner's Manual (OM04041U) with context from Toyota Master Technician expertise. Always follow your official owner's manual for warranty compliance. This is a reference guide only. Towing capacity specifications are subject to your specific vehicle configuration. Verify your model code on your Certification Label.
(Reference: Owner's Manual, pg. 200, 202-204, 614)
Towing Capacity, GCWR, GVWR, Weight Ratings
Before you can use the capacity tables, you need to know what these three ratings actually mean:
GCWR (Gross Combination Weight Rating)
This is the maximum weight of your truck AND trailer combined. Includes every person, piece of cargo, and bit of gear in both. When you're loaded up with passengers, camping equipment in the bed, and pulling a boat, all of that counts toward GCWR.
GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating)
The maximum weight your truck can handle by itself. When towing, this includes the truck, occupants, cargo in the bed, and the tongue weight from the trailer.
TWR (Trailer Weight Rating)
The maximum weight of the trailer you can pull. This is what most people mean when they talk about "towing capacity."
Critical Towing Requirements
Before you hook up any trailer, all of these must be true:
- Your trailer weight stays under the TWR in the table below
- Combined truck + trailer + everything in both stays under GCWR
- Your loaded truck weight stays under the GVWR on your door jamb certification label
- Weight on each axle stays under the GAWR on the certification label
- Trailers over 1000 lb. need working trailer brakes
- Trailers over 2000 lb. need a sway control device
- Trailers over 5000 lb. need a weight distributing hitch
Finding Your Model Code
Your Tacoma's door jamb has a certification label with a model code like "TZNA40L-PRZSZA" or "TZNA45L-PRFSZA." You need this code to find your actual towing capacity in the tables below. Trim level alone doesn't tell the whole story.
Towing Capacity Tables
Double Cab Models:
| Model Code | Bed Type | Grade | GCWR | TWR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TZNA40L-PRZSZA | Short | SR5 | 11105 lb. (5035 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA40L-PRZSZA | Short | TRD Sport | 11165 lb. (5065 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA40L-PRZSZA | Long | SR5 | 11200 lb. (5080 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA40L-PRZSZA | Long | Except SR5 | 11255 lb. (5105 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA41L-PRZ-STA | Short | SR | 8210 lb. (3725 kg) | 3500 lb. (1585 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRFSZA | Short | SR | 11345 lb. (5145 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRFSZA | Short | TRD Sport | 11470 lb. (5200 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRFSZA | Short | TRD Off-Road | 11515 lb. (5220 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRZSZA | Short | SR5 | 11345 lb. (5145 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRZSZA | Short | TRD Sport | 11410 lb. (5175 kg) | 6300 lb. (2855 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRZSZA | Short | TRD Off-Road | 11385 lb. (5165 kg) | 6300 lb. (2855 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRZSZA | Short | Limited | 11455 lb. (5195 kg) | 6300 lb. (2855 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRZSZA | Long | SR5 | 11435 lb. (5185 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRZSZA | Long | TRD Sport | 11495 lb. (5215 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA45L-PRZSZA | Long | TRD Off-Road | 11550 lb. (5240 kg) | 6400 lb. (2900 kg) |
| TZNA46L-PRZ-STA | Short | SR | 8435 lb. (3825 kg) | 3500 lb. (1585 kg) |
Xtra Cab Models:
| Model Code | Bed Type | Grade | GCWR | TWR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TZNA40L-CRZSZA | Long | SR5 | 11115 lb. (5040 kg) | 6500 lb. (2950 kg) |
| TZNA40L-CRZSZA | Long | TRD PreRunner | 11155 lb. (5060 kg) | 6500 lb. (2950 kg) |
| TZNA41L-CRZ-STA | Long | SR | 8105 lb. (3675 kg) | 3500 lb. (1585 kg) |
| TZNA45L-CRZSZA | Long | SR5 | 11335 lb. (5140 kg) | 6500 lb. (2950 kg) |
| TZNA46L-CRZ-STA | Long | SR | 8335 lb. (3780 kg) | 3500 lb. (1585 kg) |
SAE J2807 Certification: These models meet SAE International's tow-vehicle trailering requirements per SAE J2807. Toyota tested them using standardized procedures including sustained grade performance, launch testing, and brake fade testing.
Unbraked Trailer Weight Rating
Your Tacoma can pull up to 1000 lb. (453 kg) without trailer brakes. Anything heavier requires working trailer service brakes.
Both for Toyota's specifications and most state regulations.
Tongue Weight Requirements
Conventional Ball-Mount Towing:
Your tongue weight should be 9% to 11% of your total trailer weight. Too light and the trailer can sway. Too heavy and you overload the rear axle and lose steering control.
Example:
Pulling a 6000 lb. trailer? Your tongue weight should be 540-660 lb.
- Minimum: 6000 × 0.09 = 540 lb.
- Maximum: 6000 × 0.11 = 660 lb.
Weight Distributing Hitch:
If you're using a weight distributing hitch (required for trailers over 5000 lb.), adjust it to restore the front axle to the same weight it had before you connected the trailer. If you can't measure axle weight directly, measure your front suspension height and adjust the hitch to match the unloaded height. This ensures your steering and brakes work properly.
Safety Requirements
Downhill Towing:
Long downhill grades are where vehicle-trailer instability shows up. Before descending steep or long hills, slow down and downshift. Don't ride the brakes. Repeated or prolonged brake use causes overheating and reduces stopping power. Use your gears to control speed instead.
Trailer Brakes:
If your trailer weighs more than 1000 lb., it needs its own brakes. Never tap into your truck's hydraulic system to power trailer brakes. This reduces your truck's braking effectiveness and is unsafe.
Safety Chains:
Always use safety chains securely attached to both the trailer and truck. If the hitch fails, chains are what keep the trailer from wandering into another lane.
Temporary Spare Tire:
Don't tow when running on your temporary spare. The spare isn't rated for towing loads.
Real-World Context
Why Some SR Models Are Limited to 3500 lb.:
Notice that certain SR configurations (model codes ending in "-STA") have dramatically lower towing capacity. 3500 lb. versus the 6300-6500 lb. most Tacomas can handle. That's less than 55% of standard capacity. The manual doesn't specify the mechanical differences, but if serious towing is your priority, check your door jamb model code before assuming you can pull 6000+ lb.
Understanding GCWR vs TWR:
Most people focus only on TWR (trailer weight rating) but GCWR (gross combination weight rating) is often the limiting factor. Here's why:
Say your Tacoma has 6400 lb. TWR. You load the bed with 1000 lb. of gear, have 4 passengers (800 lb.), and the truck itself weighs about 5000 lb. That's 6800 lb. before you even hook up a trailer. Add your 6400 lb. trailer and you're at 13,200 lb. combined. Potentially exceeding your GCWR even though you're technically under the trailer weight limit.
When towing heavy with a loaded truck, GCWR becomes the real constraint.
SAE J2807 Certification Matters:
The SAE J2807 certification means Toyota tested these Tacomas on the Davis Dam grade (sustained 6% climb), verified launch performance, and tested for brake fade under load. It's not just manufacturer claims. It's third-party verified capacity using standardized testing.
Q: Do I need a weight distributing hitch?
A: Yes, if your trailer exceeds 5000 lb. These hitches restore proper weight balance to your front axle, improving steering response and braking performance. Without one on heavy trailers, too much weight transfers to the rear, reducing front-end grip.
Q: What happens if I exceed GCWR while staying under TWR?
A: You're overloaded and unsafe. GCWR accounts for everything: occupants, cargo, tongue weight. Exceeding it can cause brake failure, handling problems, transmission overheating, or suspension damage. Both ratings matter.
Q: Can I increase towing capacity with aftermarket parts?
A: No. Your model code determines capacity, and you can't change it with upgrades. The ratings factor in frame strength, axle limits, brake capacity, and cooling systems. None of which can be meaningfully upgraded on a modern truck.
Q: How do I know if my trailer needs brakes?
A: Any trailer over 1000 lb. needs brakes per Toyota specifications. Most states also require trailer brakes above 1500-3000 lb. depending on local laws. Check both Toyota's requirements and your state regulations.
Manual Pages Reference
A PDF containing the exact manual pages referenced in this guide can be downloaded from the thread attachments. These pages provide the complete context for the towing capacity specifications.
Recommended Tools & Products:
- Weight Distributing Hitch System
- Tongue Weight Scale
- Sway Control Device
- Trailer Brake Controller (if not factory equipped)
Source Attribution
Owner's Manual Pages:
- Weight rating definitions and towing requirements: Page 200
- Double Cab towing capacity tables: Pages 202-203
- Xtra Cab towing capacity tables and tongue weight guidance: Page 204
- Vehicle identification and model code location: Page 614
Disclaimer:
This guide is derived from the official 2024+ Toyota Tacoma Owner's Manual (OM04041U) with context from Toyota Master Technician expertise. Always follow your official owner's manual for warranty compliance. This is a reference guide only. Towing capacity specifications are subject to your specific vehicle configuration. Verify your model code on your Certification Label.
